Sunday, January 4, 2009

Texas Palm Decline Invades Florida

By Russ Frank

Texas Palm Decline (TPD), also known as Texas Phoenix Palm Decline (TPPD), was first discovered in the southern coastal region of Texas in the late 1970's. This palm decline disease is relatively new in Florida, first discovered in 2006.

Texas Palm Decline disease was discovered in Florida in 2006. It's similar to Lethal Yellowing, a disease that's been killing palms by the hundreds of thousands in Florida since the 1950's. Researchers suspect an insect of spreading the disease from palm to palm by first feeding on an infected palm.

Texas Palm Decline appears to be moving in to the west central portion of Florida, ready to infect thousands of palms in the Phoenix family, including wild date palms, Canary Island Date palms, and edible date palms. These palms can be quite expensive - $5,000 to $10,000 each.

Another palm affected is the less expensive but quite popular Queen palm. In addition the palm decline disease is suspected of jumping to a new species, the Sabal palm, which is also the state tree of Florida. Texas Phoenix Palm Disease has been recently confirmed in Pinellas, Polk, Hillsborough, Manatee and Sarasota counties in the west central region of Florida. This disease is expected to spread because of the number of palms bought, sold and shipped around Florida.

Texas Palm Decline exhibits symptoms that include lower fronds that turn brown, death of the spear leaf (the youngest unfolded frond), premature death or fronds, premature death of fruit and flowers, premature fruit drop, and eventually death of the palm itself.

Eventually the palm will die as this palm decline disease is fatal. Many of the Texas Palm Decline symptoms described here may be the result of other causes such as lightning, overpruning, insects, herbicides and nutritional deficiencies. Only an expert can sort these symptoms out.

If you suspect your palm has Texas Palm Decline, call a palm expert or certified arborist . If they agree that the palm decline symptoms may be present,, they will arrange to have a sample sent to a lab for confirmation. If the tests confirm Texas Phoenix Palm Decline disease, remove the palm as soon as possible. It's in the community's best interest to prevent further spread of this disease.

If the spear leaf of your palm has not died, but Texas Palm Decline symptoms currently exist, the palm may be saved with regular injections of oxytetracycline Hcl, an antibiotic. These injections, which must continue every 4 months for the life of the palm, can offer protection from palm decline.. This same antibiotic program may also be used on healthy palms to prevent Texas Phoenix Palm Decline when the disease is known to occur in the area. - 15266

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