Flowers may be classified according to whether they possess both or only one (or none) of the sexual organs.
The flowers of seed plants are actually leaves modified for reproduction. In the full-petalled flower it is possible to distinguish four different sets of modified leaves: the calyx, corolla, stamens (male sexual organs) and pistil (female sexual organ).
The nut is a hard-shelled fruit with a woody wall not connected with the seed, e.g. that of the hazel and smoke tree. The legume or pod is a one-celled, flattened, usually elongate fruit, splitting along the margins when ripe, with several seeds inside, e.g. the golden rain, pea tree and common broom.
Monoecious shrubs are ones with both staminate and pistillate flowers on the same individual, e.g. hazel, green alder, etc., whereas dioecious shrubs have staminate and pistillate flowers on different individuals, e.g. mistletoe, sea buckthorn, willow, etc.
The flowers of trees and shrubs are rarely single blooms. As a rule they are borne in clusters of various shapes and sizes.
Another fleshy fruit is the berry, with a thin membranous covering and fleshy middle and inner layer with usually several seeds embedded in the pulpy mass, e.g. the currant, privet, common elder. Accessory fruits include the pome and the hip. The pome develops from the fusion of the fleshy receptacle and ovary wall. It is a fleshy fruit consisting of a central core containing several seeds and an outer thickened fleshy layer. Examples are the cotoneaster, hawthorn, quince, medlar and crab apple. The hip is a multiple fruit consisting of a fleshy hollow receptacle enclosing several achenes. - 15266
The flowers of seed plants are actually leaves modified for reproduction. In the full-petalled flower it is possible to distinguish four different sets of modified leaves: the calyx, corolla, stamens (male sexual organs) and pistil (female sexual organ).
The nut is a hard-shelled fruit with a woody wall not connected with the seed, e.g. that of the hazel and smoke tree. The legume or pod is a one-celled, flattened, usually elongate fruit, splitting along the margins when ripe, with several seeds inside, e.g. the golden rain, pea tree and common broom.
Monoecious shrubs are ones with both staminate and pistillate flowers on the same individual, e.g. hazel, green alder, etc., whereas dioecious shrubs have staminate and pistillate flowers on different individuals, e.g. mistletoe, sea buckthorn, willow, etc.
The flowers of trees and shrubs are rarely single blooms. As a rule they are borne in clusters of various shapes and sizes.
Another fleshy fruit is the berry, with a thin membranous covering and fleshy middle and inner layer with usually several seeds embedded in the pulpy mass, e.g. the currant, privet, common elder. Accessory fruits include the pome and the hip. The pome develops from the fusion of the fleshy receptacle and ovary wall. It is a fleshy fruit consisting of a central core containing several seeds and an outer thickened fleshy layer. Examples are the cotoneaster, hawthorn, quince, medlar and crab apple. The hip is a multiple fruit consisting of a fleshy hollow receptacle enclosing several achenes. - 15266
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In garden planning, flints are often used as a strong decorative surface on a mortared rubble core in the garden.
