The twigs of all trees are covered with buds which, especially in the case of broad-leaved trees which are without leaves in winter, are an important means of identification. Buds are actually embryonic shoots, containing immature leaves or flowers protected by scales.
They are differentiated according to their position on the twig. Those appearing at the apex are called terminal and those borne in the axils of the leaves are termed lateral. Lateral buds are either alternate or arranged io a spiral (oak, alder, hornbeam) or in opposite pairs (maple and ash). The positioning of the buds is identical with that of the leaves, in the axils of which they are borne.
In other words, tree with buds arranged in spirals has the leaves also arranged in spirals. Buds are protected against drying out and frost damage by modified leaves known as scales; either by just single scale (willow or plane tree), two scales (alder), or several scales (beech, hornbeam and oak). Distinguishing features of the scales are colour and pubescence. Some trees that bloom in early spring can be identified by the flower buds, which are of different shapes, e.g. willow, elm, poplar and cherry.
The trunks of most broad-leaved trees divide at a certain height into a few, thick, upward or outward- growing branches which divide further to form the crown which may be broadly oval to round. This shape provides the leaves with the greatest amount of light and air, thus assuring the best conditions for the nourishment of the tree. The tree is anchored in the ground by means of roots which also serve to supply it with water and mineral nutriments.
The value of forests and trees, 'however, does not rest only in the timber they yield. Man is beginning to realize with ever- growing awareness the other functions of the forest And its vegetation. Today we know how important trees and forests are in water management and in preventing soil erosion And the importance of parks and woodlands for man's health and recreation cannot be over-stressed.
Broad-leaved trees grown under the same conditions have a short, thick trunk with a broad, low-placed crown. Only certain light-demanding trees such as the pine, larch, birch and aspen, have the lower half of the bole clear of branches and the crown placed high even when grown in the open. - 15266
They are differentiated according to their position on the twig. Those appearing at the apex are called terminal and those borne in the axils of the leaves are termed lateral. Lateral buds are either alternate or arranged io a spiral (oak, alder, hornbeam) or in opposite pairs (maple and ash). The positioning of the buds is identical with that of the leaves, in the axils of which they are borne.
In other words, tree with buds arranged in spirals has the leaves also arranged in spirals. Buds are protected against drying out and frost damage by modified leaves known as scales; either by just single scale (willow or plane tree), two scales (alder), or several scales (beech, hornbeam and oak). Distinguishing features of the scales are colour and pubescence. Some trees that bloom in early spring can be identified by the flower buds, which are of different shapes, e.g. willow, elm, poplar and cherry.
The trunks of most broad-leaved trees divide at a certain height into a few, thick, upward or outward- growing branches which divide further to form the crown which may be broadly oval to round. This shape provides the leaves with the greatest amount of light and air, thus assuring the best conditions for the nourishment of the tree. The tree is anchored in the ground by means of roots which also serve to supply it with water and mineral nutriments.
The value of forests and trees, 'however, does not rest only in the timber they yield. Man is beginning to realize with ever- growing awareness the other functions of the forest And its vegetation. Today we know how important trees and forests are in water management and in preventing soil erosion And the importance of parks and woodlands for man's health and recreation cannot be over-stressed.
Broad-leaved trees grown under the same conditions have a short, thick trunk with a broad, low-placed crown. Only certain light-demanding trees such as the pine, larch, birch and aspen, have the lower half of the bole clear of branches and the crown placed high even when grown in the open. - 15266
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Garden planning of a garden for children should be designed to convert easily to a decorative layout.
